Download Final Study
Why is Sonoma Water studying the jetty?
National Marine Fisheries Service’s (NMFS) Russian River Biological Opinion requires Sonoma Water to study the jetty to determine if and how it impacts the formation of the sand bar (known as a “barrier beach”) at the mouth of the Russian River estuary, and subsequently, the impact of the jetty on water levels in the estuary. The study will evaluate how the jetty affects ocean and river processes and whether modifying or removing the jetty would improve the likelihood of achieving the water surface elevations recommended by NMFS.
What are the elements of the studies?
Field studies that will take place, beginning in March 2014, include three components, as follows:
- Monitoring wells to determine how and where water seeps through the barrier beach and jetty, both from the river and from the ocean.
- Seismic refraction, electrical resistivity profiling and ground penetrating radar will be used to map materials that have been buried by sand.
- Electromagnetic profiles will be collected once the initial mapping surveys have been completed to explore how the jetty impacts water seeping through the beach.
Who will be conducting the studies?
A drilling contractor will dig and install the monitoring wells. Sonoma Water staff will maintain and inspect the wells and download data monthly. Geophysical surveys will be conducted jointly by NORCAL Geophysical Consultants Inc. and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL).
Will I be able to use the beach during construction of the monitoring wells and during the mapping surveys?
Yes, Goat Rock State Beach will be open during its normal hours throughout the study.
How long will it take to drill the monitoring wells?
Drilling and installing the monitoring wells should be completed in two to four days.
How long will the wells be in place?
The temporary monitoring wells will be in place for two to three years. The wells will help Sonoma Water better understand the effect the jetty has on water seeping through the beach.
Could people or animals fall into the wells?
No, the wells will only be two inches in diameter and will be capped and buried beneath the sand.
Will drilling the wells make noise?
Drilling the wells will generate noise estimated to be 85-90 decibels at a distance of 20 feet. The sound level is similar to the noise made by a lawn mower or diesel truck engine. National Marine Fisheries Service has established 90 db as the safe threshold of the noise levels heard by harbor seals and other pinnipeds (which generally haul-out about 200 feet from where the wells will be drilled).
How long will it take to conduct the mapping surveys?
Seismic refraction and electrical resistivity profiling will be conducted simultaneously and should take two days to complete. Ground penetrating radar profiles should be completed in one day. Electromagnetic profiles will be conducted over a period of eight months. Several visits will be made to the beach during this time and each mapping survey will take about four hours to complete.
How are the mapping surveys conducted?
The seismic refraction survey will be conducted by a three-person crew, who will place detectors connected by an electronic cable on the sand. A small all-terrain vehicle will provide the seismic energy to the detectors by dropping a 100 pound weight on a steel plate placed on the sand surface. The energy will not be felt by people or wildlife as the detectors are very sensitive. For the electrical resistivity survey, detectors will be placed at the same locations as the seismic detectors (but at a different time). Batteries will induce small amounts of current into the ground that will be measured. Ground penetrating radar survey will be performed over the suspected breakwater. A ground-penetrating radar antenna mounted on a small wheeled cart sends and receives subsurface signals.
How will these studies affect the harbor seals that use Goat Rock State Beach?
Installing the monitoring wells will generate noise. Because the harbor seal haulout is located farther than 200 feet from the location of the wells, the anticipated “received” noise levels will be below the safe threshold for disturbance as defined by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Seals are likely to be slightly disturbed by the presence of people conducting mapping surveys in the vicinity of the haulout, as often occurs when beach visitors are present. Personnel will be trained to minimize disturbance to seals by approaching the haulout area slowly or avoiding it when necessary.
Sonoma Water biologists will be on site to monitor and record any disturbance to seals during jetty study activities. These activities are permitted under Sonoma Water’s Marine Mammal Protection Act Incidental Harassment Authorization.
How will the study results be used?
The jetty study will be used to describe the extent and composition of the jetty; understand the jetty’s effects on beach permeability, sand storage and sand transport; and evaluate the jetty’s role in flood risk to property adjacent to the estuary. This information will be used to evaluate what role the jetty plays in barrier beach formation, its influence on water surface elevations within the estuary, and if feasible alternatives exist for modifying or removing the jetty to enhance management of the estuary.